Baixe CIA Lock Picking Field Operative Training Manual e outras Manuais, Projetos, Pesquisas em PDF para Eletrônica, somente na Docsity! CIA Lock Picking Field Operative Training Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduétion......ccccclc so dv Basic Lock Picking .......ccccc cisco 1 The Concepts Behind Lock Picking............. 3 Picking Procedure ....... cics 0007 Tool Design .. Co e 9 Most Common Picking Techniques ..... 2... 19 The Lockpicking Process . Conelusions . . cc... In order to understand how to compromise a lock there are certain steps which are essential to laying a proper foundation. They are: À thorough working knowledge of the lock mechanism, how it functions, and the ability to recognize these factors so that you are able to overcome them CHAPTER THE CONCEPTS BEHIND LOCK PICKING Have you ever thought, “Just what is it that actually allows us to pick a lock?” It is the inability cf the manufacturer of any product to machine parts to an almost flawless level of tolerance. Even if they could reasonably approach their goals, the expense alone would be astronomical Therefore, we, as locksmiths, are able to pick a lock, so to speak, due to the reality of this situation. To see specifically what is involved, we must look at a typical cylinder. FIGURE 1 Space around the plug The tolerance inadequacies to which I refer can be categorized for easy reference. The first is the differencé between the plug and the shell. An acceptable amount of difference is approximately .005 or about .0025 all around the plug (see Figure 1). The process by which the keyway is “cut” into the plug is called broaching. This process is easily observed when FIGURE 2 Ef) Ls Se 2” “Play” felt due to tolerance differential between blank and keyway a blank or cut key is inserted in the keyway and “play” is felt due to a significant tolerance differential. Probably the most significant problem of this sort is the drilling of the chambers. This tales three forms: Plug di- ameter differential (Fig. 3), off-center chambers (Fig. 4), FIGURE 3 Diameter differential between plug and hole cut into shell and concentricity (Fig. 5). This is caused by the cost effective but necessarily imperfect process used to manufacture these cylinders, namely gang drilling-—a CHAPTER PICKING PROCEDURE In order to have your best chance to pick a given cylinder, you must not only be aware of the information that we have provided, but be able to properly utilize it. First, ascertain whether or not the cylinder can be pick- ed. Does it operate? Can you manipulate each individual group of pins within each pin chamber? If you can, then by all means proceed with the picking and/or raking FIGURE 6 Spray the keyway to clean and lubricate the lock process. If not, there is another alternative if you stillin- tend to pick the lock. This problem is more commoh than you might imagine. Having set your mind upon picking the cylinder, but faced with the problem of “frozen” pins in one or more chambers, the best strategy is to clean and lubricate the lock. This can be accomplished several ways. The preferred methods are shown in figure 6 and figure 7. FIGURE 7 Lubricating graphite gun loosens tight wafers and pins NOTE: After the application of any solvent or lubricant, impressioning will become difficult, if not impossible. CHAPTER j mm TT TOOL DESIGN Tool design is a direct result of the function it will be re- quired to perform, and fails into one of three major categories: The hook tool, used when the adjacent bot- tom pin lengths are significantly different (ie., 72618). This tool is advantageous for this type of situation, as it allows you to get behind the larger pins in order to prop- erly reach the smaller ones and manipulate them open. The diamond pick, which is advantageous due to its design in the manipulation of wafer tumblers, which are more fragile and spaced much closer together. FIGURE 8 Hook o o Diamond SC QQ 3 Ts Rake The rake is intended to do just what its name suggests, and is ideal for those situations where all the tumblers are approximately the same size or gradually rise and fall fie., 34454, 34565). FIGURE 10 RAKING TOOLS UA 12 FIGURE 10 PICKING TOOLS HH, KEY EXTRACTORS I FEELER Other individual styles of picks are usually just a modification of one of these groups. FIGURE 11 Specialty picks- Dental picks and Computer pick CC O 'The other tool used in the act of picking is the tension wrench, or more properly, the turning tool. This tool is as or more important thah the pick itself but is often overlooked. Too much pressure has defeated more would-be pickers than the wrang type of pick. The main” thing to remember isto-use only the lightest amount of: pressure necessary to turn the lock. Any more, and you bind the pins so tightly that you make them work against you instead of for you. Turning tools come in basically 6 groups: light. medium, and heavy duty material and narrow, medium, and wide widths to suit any type of lockpicking situation. Before you use your tension tool, try raking with the pick a few times. While inserting the pick all the way in thekeyway with the tip in contact with the pins, remove the pick with a quick motion keeping an upward 14 FIGURE 13 TENSION TOOLS RIGID DOUBLE SIDED «ae, e Mm 17 18 NOTES CHAPTER ie MOST COMMON PICKING TECHNIQUES The most common techniques for lock picking are rak- ing (where a rake type tool is gently, or in some cases vigorously, pulled along all the tumblers in a rather general way), rather than targeting for specific in- dividual pins as in the case of No. 2, picking each in- dividual chamber. Third is a technique where you would combine the first two. That is, you rake and then specificaily target for those pins you may have missed during the initial raking attempts. Of course, no discussion would be complete without at least mentioning the pick gun. This is a tool that works on the principle of percussion much like cylinder rapping. It is reaily an effective method once you have mastered the timing necessary to make it work. R con- sists of the following procedure: Put the tip of the pick gun into the cylinder keyway to be picked. Then, mak- ing spre that the pick will strike the pins at a right angle, pull the trigger. At virtually the same moment that the bottom pins are hit, the percussion causes all the top pins to fly straight up towards the top af the pin chamber for an instant, creating an enormous gap. It is tn that instant that you must turn the plug with your 19 as evidenced by the fact that almost all of the major lock manufacturers have gone to a universal top pin. However, such specialty items as mushroom, spool, and serrated pins still have to be taken into account and treated as special cases (see Figure 15). There are three conditions in which you can find the pins in any given chamber once you have ascertained that the lock is operating properly and is therefore pickable. “The pins, due to the problems with tolerance differen- tials acquired unavoidably during the manufacturing process, will pick only one at a time no matter how short that span of time may be. Upon doing your initial raking, the first condition is that the pin is in the unpicked position (see Figure 16). FIGURE 16 Pins are in the unpicked position The second possibility is that the pins in the chamber are merely bound (see Figure 17). The final possibility is that the pins in the chamber are under pressure, but not bound up (see Figure 18). Simply continue the process of analyzing the condition of each chamber until they are all picked and the lock is opened. 22 FIGURE 17 Pins in the chamber are bound NOTE: The pins wil not necessarily pick in their regular order. By this, I mean that pin number 1 will not necessarily pick first. Perhaps, pin No. 1 will pick fifth and pin No. 3 will pick first, and so on. FIGURE 18 OGUOVO LI Pins are not bound up but are under pressure due to off-center chambers Raking is the most common method used today. It is the fastest to use and the quickest to learn. The raking method will work in opening most cylinders where there is not a sudden change in pin sizes, such as a combina- tion of 7-2-6-1-8, where there is one long pin, one short" pin, one long pin, and so on. 23 FIGURE 19' Bortom Pins Worst cylinder for raking— Large variances in pin sizes ! E & 5 5 E > > B 8 a a 8 8 3 e ã Ê a 24 FIGURE 23 CORRECT too much -tension! Applying correct tension to the cylinder Then apply very light tension in the direction to unlock the lock. I stress the point: do not use too much tension. You must develop a light touch with the hand that ap- plies the tension. If tension is too heavy, the top pins will bind below the shear-line and will not allow the breaking-point to meet the shearline. FIGURE 24 Shear line Top pins bind /] below the shear line wben tension is too hvavy 27 FIGURE 25 Light tension applied Now, with light tension applied, go through the raking operation, in slowly and out with a snap with upward pressure on the pins with the tip only. FIGURE 26 Out with a snap, with upward pressure on the pins, with the tip only Repeat this operation three or four times. If the plug does not turn and open the lock, release the tension on 28 the plug— but, before releasing tension, put your ear close to the cylinder and listen for the sound of the pins clicking back into the down position. Release tension slowly so you can hear all the pins. If there is no sound, you were applying too little or too much tension, not allowing the breaking-point to bind at the shear-line. FIGURE 27 Hear the pins clicking back down into the origina! locked position Repea: the raking operation varying the tension, some- what lighter or heavier than on the first try. With prae- tice, you will gain the right touch in applying tension, and you will find that you can open most cylinders in a few rakings. I suggest you set up a cylinder with only a two pin combination to start with for practice. You should have the cylinder on a large mount. on a door, or held firmly in a vise. Do not try holding the cylinder in your hand while raking it. After you have conquered the two pin combination, go on to a three pin and soon, until you can rake a six or seven pin cylinder. I have found assembly will be kept low. The following characteristics are commonly found in low-priced cylinders; too much chamfer on the top of the bottom pin; die-cast plug and body with poor hole aligament; and, over-sized pin holes; too much clearance between plug and body. FIGURE 32 Pin clearance di Cylinder plug Oversized pin holes leave ample pin clearance This is an aid for the manufacturer in the assembly of the cylinder, but it is also an aid for the locksmith who must pick the cylinder. Higher-priced cylinders are manufactured with much less clearance. They are usual ly constructed from brass bar stock, both body and FIGURE 33 Clearance between plug and body 32 plug. The pin holes are drilled and reamed for a close fit with the pins and when the plug and body are drilled while together the hole alignment is excellent. But, in spite of the fine construction, you still can pick or rakeit open. It might take a little longer— it might take some adjustment in the tension—it may have to be picked in- stead of being raked, but you can do it. No matter how minute the clearances are, there are clearances, or the parts would not go together and this is what makes picking and raking possible. At times you will come across a cylinder that you can not pick or rake in a reasonable length of time. Even the expert runs into these same problems. Do not become discouraged. Most locks can be picked or raked in a short time. Do not waste hours working on an extremely difficult cylinder. You will soon be able to determine just how much time to spend on picking or raking a cylinder before resorting to other methods such as drilling. I have not gone into the handling of the tools. You will probably develop your own personal grip, but for my suggestions see Figure 34. FIGURE 34 Several suggested ways SIA of holding raking tool Try any one of the grips shown in the illustrations. The most important thing to remember at this point, is that the tools must be comfortable in your hands. 1 sug- gested at the start that you use a medium weight and length tension tool, but after you have been raking for awhile, you may prefer to try your skill with a light weight or rigid tension tool. You will soon find which tool is best for you. FIGURE 35 e Cut-away view of spring loaded plug When raking a lock which has a spring-loaded plug such as most padiocks see Figure 35. As you apply tension to the plug, you will be working against the direct pressure of a spring which is used in the locking of the shackle and returning of the plug to the locked position. This lock will require more tension. Use one of the rigid tools (see Figure 13). 34 turned to the right, your handle will be to the right of the cytinder — and if the plug is turned to the left, your handle will be to the left of the cylinder (sec Figure 38). Now, say that your plug is turned to the left and this is in the wrong direction for opening the lock. You may have to get the plug to go to the right. Carefully remove the pick and tension tool. Next insert a small screw- driver into the lower portion of the key way on the raked lock. Keep the tension on the plug with the screwdriver. Do not allow the plug to slip into the original locked position. You already have chosen the proper flip-it. Now place the centered flange end of the coil into the upper section of the keyway. Grasping the small handle of the coil, strongly wind the flip-it toward the direction into which the plug is to be turned. This will be to the right. At the same time, remember to keep the plug in position firmly with the screwdriver. With a quick yank, pull back the scerewdriver. The tension of the flip-it will snap the plug over to the opposite direction quickly enough to prevent the pins from falling back into their locked positions. After practicing this procedure, you will find the tool is quite easy to use. Occasionally, you will come across a cylinder that rakes easier in one direction than the other and if you have 'to rake it into the unlocking direction, you will find this tool quite handy Now, for the method of picking. When picking a cylinder, you will be lifting one pin at a time, for this we would use a hook-type pick (see Figure 8). You apply tension in the same manner as you did when raking. The insert the pick all the way into the keyway and raise up the last pin until the breaking point will bind at the shear-line (see Figure 39). Then proceed to the next pin until you work your way out of the key way. Be sure to keep tension on the plug a” FIGURE 39 Raise up last pin until breaking point binds at shear line during the entire process. After each pin is picked, you will feel the bottom pin become free of the downward spring pressure. But, don't be fooled just because the bottom pin is free. This doesn't mean it's picked. You may have been applying too much tension to the plug and caused the top pin to bind below the shear-line (see Figure 40). FIGURE 40 Shear line Top pin binds with too much tension 38 When it is properly picked, you should feel a very slight give in the turning of the plug (see Figure 41). That slight túrning of the plúg will become greater with eschpinyou pick untilit turns fully when you have. pick- ed all the pins. Always remember, the tensión must not be too heavy. The whole secret of raking or picking is in FIGURE 41 — N IN Plug has “give” when properiy picked “Correct tension holds pins “ai sheár line when picking After you have applied tension, you begin to rake the up- per discs or wafers as you would have in the single-sided lock. When you feel a slight give in the tension of the plug, you switch your raking to the bottom-— but do not let up on the tension. You rake the lower discs or wafers in the same way as you did the upper ones, but use a downward pressure when pulling the rake out (see Figure 45). FIGURE 45 Remove rake with a downward pressure K would be like raking a pin tumbler cylinder that was installed upside-down. Now for the second method of raking double-sided locks. Use double-sided picks (see Figure 46). . You will find these tools very effective in opening most disc-tambler double-sided locks. With these tools, no tension tool is required if there is no spring tension on the plug. As a general rule, spring tension will be found only in padlocks or shunt switches (see Figure 47). insert tip of picking tool ali the way into the keyway. Rock tool rather rapidly up and down while pushing slowly and gently inward. If pick binds part way in, 42 FIGURE 46 [— Double sided piclking tool set FIGURE 47 Disc tumbler shunt switeh y Disc tumbler padtock 43 remove tool and reverse to pick prongs on other side and try again. A pick whose bittings are incompatible with the key-way alignment will not go all the way in. Do not force. When tool is inserted all the way picking action is begun by a moderately rapid up and down rocking mo- tion together with a twisting toward the unlocking direction (see Figure 48). FIGURE 48 Up and down rocking motion y + Light twisting toward the unlocking direction This up and down rocking should not exceed a one and one-half inch arc at the handle end (see Figure 49). Combine the rocking and the light twisting motion with a slow in and out raking. Forcing the tool would distort. FIGURE 49 A : ' + 14” ARC ( ' J * Up and down rocking of tool not to exceed a 14 inch arc 44