(livro) ansi - north american specification for the design of cold-formed steel

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AISI-Specifications for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members

Wei-Wen Yu Center for Cold-Formed Steel Structures

North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2001 Edition, with incorporation of Errata No. 1

American Iron and Steel Institute

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Recommended Citation

American Iron and Steel Institute, "North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2001 Edition, with incorporation of Errata No. 1" (2003).AISI-Specifications for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members. 132. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/ccfss-aisi-spec/132

North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members

2001 EDITION2001 EDITION2001 EDITION2001 EDITION
WITH INCORPORATION OF ERRATA NO. 1WITH INCORPORATION OF ERRATA NO. 1WITH INCORPORATION OF ERRATA NO. 1WITH INCORPORATION OF ERRATA NO. 1

AISI/COS/NASPEC 2001

Approved in Canada by the Canadian Standards Association CSA S136-01

Approved in Mexico by CANACERO

The material contained herein has been developed by a joint effort of the American Iron and Steel Institute Committee on Specifications, the Canadian Standards Association Technical Committee on Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (S136), and Camara Nacional de la Industria del Hierro y del Acero (CANACERO) in Mexico. The organizations and the Committees have made a diligent effort to present accurate, reliable, and useful information on cold-formed steel design. The Committees acknowledge and are grateful for the contributions of the numerous researchers, engineers, and others who have contributed to the body of knowledge on the subject. Specific references are included in the Commentary on the Specification.

With anticipated improvements in understanding of the behavior of cold-formed steel and the continuing development of new technology, this material may eventually become dated. It is anticipated that future editions of this specification will update this material as new information becomes available, but this cannot be guaranteed.

The materials set forth herein are for general information only. They are not a substitute for competent professional advice. Application of this information to a specific project should be reviewed by a registered professional engineer. Indeed, in most jurisdictions, such review is required by law. Anyone making use of the information set forth herein does so at their own risk and assumes any and all resulting liability arising therefrom.

2nd Printing – July 2003

Produced by American Iron and Steel Institute Copyright American Iron and Steel Institute and Canadian Standards Association 2002

North American Cold-Formed Steel Specification

December 2001 3

This is the first edition of the North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel

Structural Members; as its name implies, it is intended for use throughout Canada, Mexico, and the United States. This Specification supersedes the previous editions of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members published by the American Iron and Steel Institute and the previous editions of CSA Standard S136, Cold Formed Steel Structural Members, published by the Canadian Standards Association.

The Specification was developed by a joint effort of the American Iron and Steel Institute’s

Committee on Specifications, the Canadian Standards Association’s Technical Committee on Cold Formed Steel Structural Members (S136), and Camara Nacional de la Industria del Hierro y del Acero (CANACERO) in Mexico. This effort was coordinated through the North American Specification Committee, which was made up of three members each from the AISI Committee on Specifications, CSA’s S136 Committee, and CANACERO.

Since the Specification is intended for use in Canada, Mexico, and the United States, it was necessary to develop a format that would allow for requirements particular to each country. This resulted in a main document, Chapters A through G, that is intended for use in all three countries, and three country-specific appendices (A to C). Appendix A is for use in the United States, Appendix B is for use in Canada, and Appendix C is for use in Mexico. A symbol

!A,B,CA,B,CA,B,CA,B,C is used in the main document to point out that additional provisions are provided in the corresponding appendices indicated by the letters.

This Specification provides an integrated treatment of Allowable Strength Design (ASD), Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), and Limit States Design (LSD). This is accomplished by including the appropriate resistance factors (φ) for use with LRFD and LSD, and the appropriate factors of safety (Ω) for use with ASD. It should be noted that LSD is limited to Canada and LRFD and ASD are limited to Mexico and the United States.

United States, and Mexico. These differences are set out in Section A1.2, “Terms”

The Specification also contains some terminology that is defined differently in Canada, the

The Specification provides well-defined procedures for the design of load-carrying coldformed steel members in buildings, as well as other applications provided that proper allowances are made for dynamic effects. The provisions reflect the results of continuing research to develop new and improved information on the structural behavior of cold-formed steel members. The success of these efforts is evident in the wide acceptance of the predecessor documents to this Specification.

The AISI and CSA consensus committees responsible for developing these provisions provide a balanced forum, with representatives from steel producers, fabricators, users, educators, researchers, and building code regulators. They are composed of engineers with a wide range of experience and high professional standing from throughout Canada, Mexico, and the United States. AISI, CANACERO, and CSA acknowledge the continuing dedication by the members of the specifications committees and their subcommittees. The membership of these committees follows this Preface.

Preface

4 December 2001

Because this is the first edition of the North American Cold-Formed Steel Specification, no attempt will be made here to list provisions that represent changes to the documents that it supersedes. Such changes are numerous and are distributed throughout.

improvement

Users of the Specification are encouraged to offer comments and suggestions for

American Iron and Steel Institute Canadian Standards Association Camara Nacional de la Industria del Hierro y del Acero

December 2001

North American Cold-Formed Steel Specification

December 2001 5

AISIAISIAISIAISI

CSACSACSACSA CANACEROCANACEROCANACEROCANACERO

North American Specification Committee R. L. Brockenbrough R. M. Schuster, Chairman M. Saldivar H. H. Chen S. R. Fox, Secretary J. L. Hernandez J. N. Nunnery T. W. J. Trestain J. Garcia

AISI Committee on Specifications for the Design of Cold–Formed Steel Structural Members and its Subcommittees

R. L. Brockenbrough, Chairman J. W. Larson, Vice Chairman H. H. Chen, Secretary R. Bjorhovde R. E. Brown J. K. Crews D. A. Cuoco R. Daudet E. R. diGirolamo D. S. Ellifritt S. J. Errera E. R. Estes, Jr. J. M. Fisher S. R. Fox J. Garcia M. Golovin W. B. Hall G. J. Hancock A. J. Harrold R. B. Haws J. L. Hernandez D. L. Johnson J. M. Klaiman R. A. LaBoube C. J. Lanz R. L. Madsen J. Mattingly R. R. McCluer W. R. Midgley J. A. Moses T. M. Murray J. N. Nunnery T. B. Pekoz C. W. Pinkham V. E. Sagan M. Saldivar B. W. Schafer R. M. Schuster P. A. Seaburg W. L. Shoemaker T. Sputo M. A. Thimons T. W. J. Trestain W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 3 - Connections A. J. Harrold, Chairman R. Bjorhovde R. Daudet E. R. diGirolamo D. S. Ellifirtt E. R. Estes, Jr. M. Golovin W. B. Hall G. J. Hancock R. B. Haws D. L. Johnson W. E. Kile J. S. Kreiner R. A. LaBoube J. Mattingly J. N. Nunnery T. B. Pekoz C. W. Pinkham S. Rajan R. M. Schuster W. L. Shoemaker T. Sputo S. J. Thomas W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 4 – Stud Design and Perforated Elements V. E. Sagan, Chairman K. Bielat R. Daudet E. R. diGirolamo E. R. Estes, Jr. P. S. Green W. T. Guiher R. A. LaBoube R. L. Madsen J. P. Matsen W. R. Midgley T. H. Miller T. B. Pekoz B. W. Schafer T. Sputo T. W. J. Trestain S. H. Walker J. Wellinghoff R. Zadeh

Subcommittee 6 – Test Procedures S. R. Fox, Chairman R. E. Brown R. Daudet E. R. diGirolamo D. S. Ellifritt S. J. Errera E. R. Estes, Jr. M. Golovin W. B. Hall D. L. Johnson R. C. Kaehler W. E. Kile R. A. LaBoube W. R. Midgley T. M. Murray T. B. Pekoz C. W. Pinkham S. Rajan R. M. Schuster S. J. Thomas W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 7 - Editorial

C. W. Pinkham, Chairman D. A. Cuoco J. M. Fisher T. B. Pekoz P. A. Seaburg

Preface

6 December 2001

Subcommittee 10 – Element Behaviors D. L. Johnson, Chairman R. Daudet S. R. Fox R. S. Glauz M. Golovin G. J. Hancock A. J. Harrold R. C. Kaehler W. E. Kile M. R. Loseke J. Mattingly W. R. Midgley T. H. Miller F. Morello T. M. Murray J. N. Nunnery T. B. Pekoz C. W. Pinkham B. W. Schafer W. L. Shoemaker K. S. Sivakumaran T. W. J. Trestain

Subcommittee 21 – Strategic Planning and Research J. W. Larson, Chairman S. J. Bianculli R. L. Brockenbrough J. K. Crews J. M. Fisher S. R. Fox A. J. Harrold D. L. Johnson R. A. LaBoube J. Mattingly J. N. Nunnery N. L. Peterson V. E. Sagan R. M. Schuster P. A. Seaburg W. L. Shoemaker

Subcommittee 2 – Compression Members J. K. Crews, Chairman R. Bjorhovde R. Daudet D. S. Ellifritt S. J. Errera M. Golovin W. T. Guiher G. J. Hancock A. J. Harrold D. L. Johnson M. R. Loseke T. H. Miller J. N. Nunnery T. B. Pekoz B. W. Schafer R. M. Schuster D. R. Sherman T. Sputo T. W. J. Trestain W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 24 – Flexural Members J. N. Nunnery, Chairman R. E. Brown D. A. Cuoco R. Daudet D. S. Ellfiritt S. J. Errera J. M. Fisher M. Golovin G. J. Hancock A. J. Harrold R. B. Haws D. L. Johnson W. E. Kile R. A. LaBoube M. R. Loseke R. L. Madsen J. Mattingly T. H. Miller T. M. Murray T. B. Pekoz S. Rajan B. W. Schafer R. M. Schuster P. A. Seaburg W. L. Shoemaker T. Sputo T. W. Trestain T. Wolfe W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 26 Design Manual

P. A. Seaburg, Chairman R. E. Brown J. K. Crews D. A. Cuoco E. R. diGirolamo E. R. Estes, Jr. R. S. Gluaz M. Golovin R. B. Haws D. L. Johnson R. C. Kaehler R. A. LaBoube J. W. Larson M. R. Loseke R. L. Madsen W. R. Midgley T. M. Murray J. N. Nunnery B. W. Schafer R. M. Schuster W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 30 - Education R. A. LaBoube, Chairman R. Bjorhovde J. K. Crews E. R. diGirolamo S. J. Errera S. R. Fox J. M. Klaiman J. W. Larson J. Mattingly B. W. Schafer E. M. Schuster W. W. Yu

Subcommittee 31 – General Provisions J. M. Fisher, Chairman R. Bjorhovde J. K. Crews D. A. Cuoco R. Daudet E. R. Estes, Jr. M. Golovin W. B. Hall

North American Cold-Formed Steel Specification

December 2001 7

A. J. Harrold D. L. Johnson J. M. Klaiman J. W. Larson R. L. Madsen W. R. Midgley J. A. Moses C. W. Pinkham R. M. Schuster S. J. Thomas W. W. Yu R. Zadeh

CSA Technical Committee on Cold Formed Steel Structural Members

R. M. Schuster, Chairman S. R. Fox, Secretary D. Bak A. Caouette J. J. R. Cheng D. Delaney M. K. Madugula S. McCavour D. Polyzois N. Schillaci K. S. Sivakumaran M. Sommerstein T. W. J. Trestain E.F. Vickers L. Vavek R. Vincent K. Taing

Associate Members R. L. Brockenbrough C. Rogers C. R. Taraschuk M. Tumkur L. Xu

D. Bak Steelway Building Systems S. J. Bianculli United States Steel Corporation K. Bielat American Iron and Steel Institute R. Bjorhovde The Bjorhovde Group R. L. Brockenbrough R. L. Brockenbrough and Associates R. E. Brown Wheeling Corrugating Company A. Caouette Canadian Construction Materials Centre H. H. Chen American Iron and Steel Institute J. J. R. Cheng University of Alberta J. K. Crews Unarco Material Handling D. A. Cuoco LZA Technology R. Daudet Dietrich Design Group D. Delaney Rheinzink Canada Ltd. E. R. diGirolamo The Steel Network, Inc. D. S. Ellifritt Consultant S. J. Errera Consultant E. R. Estes, Jr. Consultant J. M. Fisher Computerized Structural Design, Inc. S. R. Fox Canadian Sheet Steel Building Institute S. Funderburk The Lincoln Electric Company J. Garcia Galvamet R. S. Glauz The Marley Cooling Tower Company M. Golovin Consultant P. S. Green University of Florida W. T. Guiher Inflection Point, Inc. W. B. Hall University of Illinois G. J. Hancock The University of Sydney A. J. Harrold Butler Manufacturing Company R. B. Haws Magnatrax Corporation J. L. Hernandez Industrias Monterrey S.A. de C.V. D. L. Johnson Maus Engineering

Preface

8 December 2001

R. C. Kaehler Computerized Structural Design, Inc. W. E. Kile Structuneering Inc. J. M. Klaiman ADTEK Engineers J. S. Kreiner Tiden, Lobnitz, Cooper R. A. LaBoube University of Missouri–Rolla C. J. Lanz American Institute of Steel Construction J W. Larson Bethlehem Steel Corporation M. R. Loseke Loseke Properties, Inc. R. L. Madsen Devco Engineering, Inc. M. K. Madugula University of Windsor J. P. Matsen Matsen Ford Design Associates, Inc. J. Mattingly Nicholas J. Bouras, Inc. S. McCavour McCavour Engineering Ltd. R. R. McCluer Building Officials & Code Administrators, International W. R. Midgley Midgley, Clauer and Associates T. H. Miller Oregon State University F. Morello M.I.C. Industries, Inc. J. A. Moses Unistrut Corporation T. M. Murray Virginia Polytechnic Institute J. N. Nunnery Varco–Pruden Buildings T. B. Pekoz Cornell University N. L. Perterson Steel Stud Manufacturers Association C. W. Pinkham S. B. Barnes Associates D. Polyzois University of Manitoba S. Rajan Alpine Engineering Products, Inc. V. E. Sagan Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc. M. Saldivar CANACERO B. W. Schafer Johns Hopkins University N. Schillaci Dofasco Inc. R. M. Schuster University of Waterloo P. A. Seaburg Southern Illinois University D. R. Sherman Consultant W. L. Shoemaker Metal Building Manufacturers Association K. S. Sivakumaran McMaster University M. Sommerstein M&H Engineering T. Sputo Sputo Engineering K. Taing VICWEST C.R. Taraschuk NRC/IRC Canadian Code Centre M. A. Thimons CENTRIA S. J. Thomas Varco-Proden Buildings T. W. J. Trestain T. W. J. Trestain Structural Engineering M. Tumkur Canadian Standards Association L. Vavek Structural Engineer E.F. Vickers Robertson Building Systems R. Vincent Le Group Canam Manac Inc. S. H. Walker Steven H. Walker J. Wellinghoff Clark Steel Framing T. Wolf MBCI L. Xu University of Waterloo W. W. Yu Consultant R. Zadeh Unimast Incorporated

North American Cold-Formed Steel Specification

December 2001 9

NORTH AMERICAN SPECIFICATION FOR THE DESIGN OF COLD-FORMED STEEL STRUCTURAL MEMBERS 2001 EDITION

PREFACE	3
SYMOBLS AND DEFINITIONS	15
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS	3
A1 Limits of Applicability and Terms	3
A1.1 Scope and Limits of Applicability	3
A1.2 Terms	34
A1.3 Units of Symbols and Terms	37
A2 Material	37
A2.1 Applicable Steels	3 7
A2.2 Other Steels	38
A2.3 Ductility	38
A2.4 Delivered Minimum Thickness	40
A3 Loads	40
A4 Allowable Strength Design	40
A4.1 Design Basis	40
A4.1.1 ASD Requirements	40
A4.1.2 Load Combinations for ASD	41
A5 Load and Resistance Factor Design	41
A5.1 Design Basis	41
A5.1.1 LRFD Requirements	41
A5.1.2 Load Factors and Load Combinations for LRFD	41
A6 Limit States Design	41
A6.1 Design Basis	41
A6.1.1 LSD Requirements	41
A6.1.2 Load Factors and Load Combinations for LSD	42
A7 Yield Point and Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming	42
A7.1 Yield Point	42
A7.2 Strength Increase from Cold Work of Forming	42
A8 Serviceability	43
A9 Referenced Documents	43
B. ELEMENTS	45
B1 Dimensional Limits and Considerations	45
B1.1 Flange Flat-Width-to-Thickness Considerations	45
B1.2 Maximum Web Depth-to-Thickness Ratios	46
B2 Effective Widths of Stiffened Elements	47
B2.1 Uniformly Compressed Stiffened Elements	47
B2.2 Uniformly Compressed Stiffened Elements with Circular Holes	49
B2.3 Webs and other Stiffened Elements under Stress Gradient	49
B2.4 C-Section Webs with Holes under Stress Gradient	51

B3 Effective Widths of Unstiffened Elements ................................................................................ 52

Table of Contents

B3.1 Uniformly Compressed Unstiffened Elements	52
B3.2 Unstiffened Elements and Edge Stiffeners under Stress Gradient	52
B4 Effective Widths of Elements with One Intermediate Stiffener or an Edge Stiffener	53
B4.1 Uniformly Compressed Elements with One Intermediate Stiffener	53
B4.2 Uniformly Compressed Elements with an Edge Stiffener	54

10 December 2001

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